开放空腔壳体入水流场结构及流体动力特征研究

基于混合介质雷诺平均Navier-Stokes方程,对开放空腔壳体垂直入水运动过程开展了数值研究,得到了压力场、速度场分布,空泡波动、闭合特征,空腔气体涨缩规律,以及流体动力变化规律,并分析了空腔结构在入水运动过程中对流场结构和流体动力的影响。结果表明:液体随气体涨缩同步进出开放端;开放端局部形成波动的压力源和周期性的压力场、速度场分布;入水空泡呈现波动形态,其扩展程度与开放端液体流速相关;空泡内形成气体漩涡,随空腔涨缩往返进出空泡,对空泡闭合具有抑制作用;流体动力呈波动变化规律,频率与气体涨缩频率一致,幅值与气体涨缩程度成正比。开放空腔结构在入水过程中空腔内气体发生涨缩运动,对流场结构和流体动力产生周期性扰动作用,在一定程度上可以减缓冲击、维持空泡及运动的稳定性。      

一种实用的圆柱度近似测量方法

圆柱形结构要素在零件结构中占的比例很高,精度要求高的圆柱形要素零件很重要的一个技术指标为圆柱度.本文介绍了用分解法来测量圆柱度的近似测量方法,此种方法简便、有效、可靠,特别适用于生产现场圆柱度误差的测量,也适用于尚未购置圆柱度的企业.     

Experimental investigation on deformation behavior of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant subjected to principal stress rotation

The knowledge of mechanical properties of lunar soil is of fundamental importance for the coming exploration of the Moon. This paper aims to investigate the fundamental deformation behavior of lunar soil and the effects of the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress during the principal stress rotation. First, an improved technique was proposed to generate homogeneous samples based on the Multi-layer Undercompaction Method. Second, three series of tests on TJ-1 lunar soil simulant under the principal stress rotation were performed with a hollow cylinder apparatus at Tongji University, China. In each series of tests, only one value of the three variables mentioned above was changed while the others were kept constant. The test results demonstrate that the rotation of principal stress can result in significant plastic deformation, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality (non-coincidence of the increment direction of principal plastic strain with the principal stress direction) of TJ-1 lunar soil simulant. In addition, it is found that the intermediate principal stress coefficient, deviatoric stress ratio, and mean stress have different influences on the four strain components, i.e. _εz,_εr,_εθ${\epsilon }_z\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\text{r}}\text{,}{\epsilon }_{\theta }$ and _γzθ${\gamma }_{z\theta }$, volumetric strain, and non-coaxiality during the principal stress rotation. The influence of deviatoric stress ratio is relatively stronger than the others. Therefore, the influence of principal stress rotation on the deformation behavior of lunar soil should be taken into account carefully in the design and construction of facilities on the lunar surface in the future.     

带探针装置的倾斜卧式椭直圆筒罐罐容表函数的计算

针对带探针装置的倾斜卧式椭直圆筒罐罐容表函数(即罐内储油量与探针油位高度对应的函数关系)的理论计算问题,首先采用"冰冻"思维和相对运动等效地把倾斜卧式的情形转化为水平卧式的情形,然后根据液面与关键液面的不同位置关系采取了不同的计算方法,最后分段地得到了罐容表函数的一般表达式。     

一种新的圆弧插补算法—角度逼近法

提出了一种新的圆弧插补算法——角度逼近法。分析了该算法的计算精度,并将该算法与其他圆弧插补算法进行了比较。     

气动FA补偿变结构Bang-Bang位置伺服算法

 首先提出了一种基于两位两通高速开关阀的无杆气缸脉宽调制（PWM）控制方案,为气缸提供了中位截止机能。然后针对Bang-Bang控制算法中存在的超调和振荡现象,提出了摩擦力和加速度（FA）补偿的变结构Bang-Bang算法。该算法综合位置和速度误差的影响构造了加速度方向切换评价函数,考虑了摩擦力对控制量设定的影响,分别依据阶跃函数、线性函数和反正切函数对活塞加速度值进行动态设定,实现了运动过程中对活塞摩擦力的补偿和加速度的调整。最后,利用该算法进行了无杆气缸的带载伺服定位试验,对3种加速度设定函数的控制效果做了比较。结果证明FA补偿变结构算法在提高气缸定位精度方面有显著效果。     

基于Event的侧向碰撞风险改进模型

Event模型是一种基于长方体碰撞模板的碰撞风险评估模型,用该模型评估所得的碰撞风险概率过于保守。将碰撞模板改为圆柱体,建立了基于碰撞圆柱体的Event模型。在相同条件下运用Event模型和改进的Event模型对平行航路的侧向碰撞风险进行了评估计算,后者的碰撞风险是原Event模型碰撞风险的86.9％,仿真结果表明改进模型碰撞风险评估更精确,能够为中国平行航路的开辟进行安全评估计算提供理论依据。     

固定小翼颤振激励系统试飞验证

针对一种新研制的带开缝旋转圆筒固定小翼激励系统,对其工作特性和激励力特性进行了试飞验证。试验结果表明,该系统工作特性基本达到了最初的设计指标要求,激励力特性理论计算与实测结果基本吻合,为该系统进一步的应用奠定了基础。     

卫星承力筒结构的模态试验方法探讨

文章详细阐述了某型号卫星承力筒结构的模态试验设计及试验实施过程中所取得的实践经验。采用单点随机激励法、两点随机激励法、单点步进正弦扫描激励法均能得出较准确的航天器结构主频。较好的办法是:为获取大型航天器结构的一阶主频,可先采用单点随机激励法得出结构主频,然后采用单点步进正弦扫描激励法进行数据结果的验证;为获取大型航天器结构的高阶模态参数或结构阻尼系数,应采用两点或两点以上的模态试验激励方法,使激励输入能量平均且更接近于航天器结构实际受力工况。文章中对承力筒结构模态试验设计及方法的探讨对大型航天器的结构模态试验具有借鉴作用。     

Vibrations of circular sandwich plates connected with an elastic foundation

The results of analyzing axisymmetric forced vibrations of an elastic circular sandwich plate connected with an elastic foundation under different surface loads are presented. The hypotheses of a broken normal are accepted to describe the kinematics of a package that is nonsymmetrical over the thickness. The analytical solutions of a problem for plates with a light filler are obtained and numerical analysis is carried out.